Web design is the process of planning and creating a website. Text, images, digital media and interactive elements are used by web designers to produce the page seen on the web browser.[1] Web designers utilize markup language, most notably HTML for structure and CSS for presentation as well as JavaScript to add interactivity to develop pages that can be read by web browsers.
As a whole, the process of web design can include conceptualization, planning, producing, post-production, research, advertising. The site itself can be divided up into pages. The site is navigated by using hyperlinks, which are commonly blue and underlined but can be made to look like anything the designer wishes. Images can also be hyperlinks.
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Web designing is all about writing code that is valid HTML and CSS which make it easier to correct problems, and edit pages. HTML and CSS are the fundamental technologies for building web pages: HTML (html and xhtml) for structure, CSS for style and layout, including WebFonts.[2] By separating the presentation style of documents from the content of documents, CSS simplifies Web authoring and site maintenance.[3] For example, having a separate CSS file allows for making aesthetic changes to the entire website than just to a single web page. If CSS rules are included within a single HTML page, changes would have to be made to each and every page that used the element in question. The reasoning is that HTML should only be used for raw content and CSS be used to manipulate the content for aesthetic style.
HTML and XHTML are mark up languages.
XHTML stands for Extensible Hyper Text Mark Up Languages while HTML stands for Hyper Text Mark Up Language.
XHTML needs to be properly nested, properly closed, tag names and attributions in lower case and it must have one root element.
XHTML is HTML 4.01 redesigned as XML.
XHTML is currently the most widely used standard for websites on the internet, despite the fact that the new standard, HTML5, is available. HTML5 can support different browsers, like Internet Explorer 9, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Opera and Safari. It can support all browsers run on mobile phone and other similar small devices. Small devices often cannot interpret the bad HTML. XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4.[4] It extends HTML 4 by utilizing Extensible Markup Language (XML), which is a language that is designed to carry data, not display it.[5] By combining HTML with XML it retains the flexibility of HTML but allows for cleaner, well-formed coding. What this means is that a web page can now have dynamic, interactive content as XHTML is actually an XML application.
Initial website designs normally need small tweaks and changes after they go live, but major updates and re-designs may be undertaken periodically.